

The bronze alloy is made by pure copper(red copper) after adding tin or plumbum alloys. Compared with pure copper (red copper), bronze has high strength and low melting point (25% tin bronze's melting point is 800℃).
The melting point of pure copper (red copper) is 1083℃.Bronze has good performance in casting, abrasion resistance and stability of chemical properties. Beryllium bronze, aluminum bronze, tin bronze and CuNi2Si bronze are popular alloy types of bronze.

| Copper Rod - Product Specification Table | ||
| Property Category | Specification | Description / Typical Values |
| General Information | Common Names | Copper Rod, Copper Bar, Copper Round Bar |
| Material Standards | ASTM B187, ASTM B152, C11000, C10200 | |
| Material Composition | Primary Alloys | C11000 (Electrolytic Tough Pitch Copper) |
| Copper Content | 99.90% min (C11000) | |
| Oxygen Content | 0.02%-0.04% (ETP copper) | |
| Physical Properties | Density | 8.94 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | 1083°C (1981°F) | |
| Electrical Conductivity | 100% IACS min | |
| Thermal Conductivity | 391 W/m·K | |
| Mechanical Properties | Tensile Strength | 250-380 MPa (36,000-55,000 psi) |
| Yield Strength (0.2% Offset) | 200-350 MPa (29,000-51,000 psi) | |
| Elongation | 12%-45% | |
| Hardness | Rockwell B 40-85 | |
| Key Characteristics | Conductivity | Excellent electrical and thermal conductivity |
| Corrosion Resistance | Excellent; resistant to atmospheric and aqueous environments | |
| Machinability | Fair (20% of free-cutting brass) | |
| Formability | Excellent; can be hot and cold worked | |
| Available Forms | Diameter Range | 3mm-300mm (0.125"-12") |
| Length | 1m-6m (3ft-20ft) | |
| Temper | Annealed (soft), Half-hard, Hard | |
| Shape | Round, Square, Hexagonal | |
| Common Applications | Electrical | Bus bars, switchgear components, electrical contacts |
| Industrial | Heat exchangers, welding electrodes, machinery parts | |
| Construction | Plumbing fittings, roofing elements, architectural details | |
| Manufacturing | Base material for forged and machined parts | |
| Alloy & Standard Designation | Diameter Range (in / mm) | Temper / Condition | Key Mechanical & Electrical Properties | Common Industry Applications |
| C11000 - Electrolytic Tough Pitch (ETP) Copper | 1/8" (3.18mm) – 6" (152.4mm) 3mm – 150mm (Precision Ground) | H04 (Hard Drawn) H00 (Hot Rolled) O60 (Annealed) | Conductivity: 100% IACS (min) Tensile: 45-55 ksi (Hard) Yield: 40-50 ksi (Hard) | Electrical Conductors, Bus Bars, Heat Exchangers, General Fabrication |
| ASTM B187, ASTM B152 | ||||
| C10100 / C10200 - Oxygen-Free Copper (OFC) | 0.125" (3.18mm) – 4" (101.6mm) 5mm – 100mm | Annealed (O60) Hard (H04) | Conductivity: 101%+ IACS Non-Embrittling at high temp Excellent thermal conductivity | High-Vacuum Components, RF/Microwave Waveguides, Sputtering Targets, Premium Audio |
| ASTM B187, UNS C10100 | ||||
| C14500 - Tellurium Copper (Free-Machining) | 1/4" (6.35mm) – 3" (76.2mm) 8mm – 80mm | H04 (Hard) H02 (Half-Hard) | Conductivity: 95% IACS (min) Machinability: 90% (C360=100%) Excellent thermal & electrical | Screw Machine Parts, Electrical Fittings, Switches, Welding Nozzles |
| ASTM B301 | ||||
| C14700 - Sulfur-Bearing Free-Machining Copper | 0.25" (6.35mm) – 2" (50.8mm) 5mm – 50mm | H04 (Hard Drawn) | Conductivity: 98% IACS (typ) Machinability: 85% (C360=100%) Superior hot-working properties | Hot Forging Stock, Electrical Connectors, Plumbing Fittings |
| ASTM B124 | ||||
| C15760 - Zirconium Copper (High Strength) | 0.375" (9.5mm) – 2" (50.8mm) 10mm – 60mm | Solution Annealed & Aged Cold Worked & Aged | Conductivity: 80-90% IACS Tensile: 65-75 ksi (Aged) High Temp Stability to 400°C | Resistance Welding Electrodes, Heavy Duty Switches, High Temp Conductors |

